Satisfacción residencial: objetivo final del diseño participativo en la vivienda social y el conjunto habitacional / Residential satisfaction, the final objective of the architectural design of the social housing and the housing complex
Keywords:
PALABRAS CLAVE, Satisfacción residencial, política de vivienda, complejos de viviendas subvencionadas, diseño participativo/ KEYWORDS, Residential satisfaction, housing policy, subsidized housing complexes, participatory designAbstract
RESUMEN: La vivienda social en México ha dejado de ser
un servicio público para ser un producto de mercado.
Debido a presiones de la demanda habitacional
generadas por el crecimiento poblacional y factores
políticos y económicos, las instituciones del Estado
se transformaron en reguladoras, dejando el diseño,
la producción y comercialización de vivienda social
a desarrolladores privados. La problemática de la
vivienda social reclama soluciones que consideren su
naturaleza multifactorial con un enfoque humanista, sin
dejar de lado la realidad política, cultural y económica.
En este ensayo se presenta el diseño participativo
como una metodología para abordar los retos que
enfrenta la vivienda social en México. En la actualidad
existe un cuerpo de conocimiento sólido denominado
“arquitectura social”, que brinda herramientas para
desarrollar estas soluciones a través del diseño. Se
concluye que el diseño puede ser un aliado para mejorar
la satisfacción del usuario y es el principal reto para el
Estado y los desarrolladores.
ABSTRACT: Social housing in Mexico has evolved
from a public service to a market product. Housing
demand pressures generated by population growth,
external and internal political and economic factors,
and state institutions transformed into regulators
have left the design, production and commercialization
of public housing in the hands of private developers.
Public housing requires solutions that consider its
multifactorial nature with a humanistic approach. This
can be achieved without discarding the political, cultural
and economic reality of Mexico. This research enlists a
participatory design method to reveal the challenges
of public housing in Mexico. Findings are that “social
architecture” presents an interesting tool in developing
solutions through design which may improve residential
satisfaction, while also remain the greatest challenge
for both the state and developers.
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