Sobre los métodos de evaluación de la sustentabilidad
Keywords:
Sustentabilidad, metodologías de evaluación, certificaciónAbstract
RESUMEN: A partir de un enfoque “tercermundista”, el presente artículo incursiona en algunos métodos internacionales para evaluar la sustentabilidad de proyectos y obras a escala arquitectónica y urbana, con vistas a valorar de forma comparativa sus fortalezas y debilidades, fundamentalmente teniendo en cuenta su posible aplicación en países en desarrollo y particularmente en Cuba. La investigación se inició con la búsqueda de un método para evaluar la sustentabilidad de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas y fue posteriormente ampliada con la inclusión de la experiencia africana. Las categorías de evaluación difieren de un sistema a otro, pero todos hacen énfasis en la dimensión ambiental de la sustentabilidad. Sólo los métodos provenientes de países en desarrollo incluyen la dimensión social y la necesidad del enfoque endógeno, lo cual constituye un importante reto actual para América Latina.
ABSTRACT: From a Third World vision, the present paper deals with some international methods to evaluate sustainability in Projects and realizations, at architectural and urban scale, in order to, valuate in a comparative way, strengths and weakness, mainly taking into account their possible application in developing countries, and particularly in Cuba. The research started by looking for a method to evaluate sustainability in the University of Informatics Sciences, and it was later on extended with the inclusion of the African experience. The evaluative categories differ from one system to the other, but all of them emphasize the environmental dimension of sustainability. Only two methods coming from developing countries include social dimension and the necessity of an endogenous approach, which is an important current challenge for Latin America.
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