Evaluación integral de la adaptabilidad del patrimonio residencial
Keywords:
Rehabilitación arquitectónica,Abstract
RESUMEN
Comprehensive assessment of the adaptability of residential heritage in front of current use requirements
ABSTRACT:
TThis paper presents a comprehensive method for the assessment of the adaptability of historical housing, in front of new use requirements. Adaptability is the capacity of architectural spaces to adapt themselves to different functions from the ones they were built for. Thus, it is a desirable value in historical architecture because it offers the possibility of permanence when the original social and historic contexts have changed. The creation of the method was based on the need to develop a tool, which allows making a systematic analysis of the conditions of housing in historical areas, to explore their potential to be rehabilitated. It considers qualitative and quantitative parameters, such as habitability, architectural-spatial, constructive-structural, and safety factor are considered in the method, which was applied to traditional houses of similar architectural typologies in the historic centre of Santiago and Valparaíso in Chile.
KEYWORDS
: Architectural rehabilitation, residential heritage, architectural adaptability, historic houses.
: El artículo presenta los resultados del diseño de un método integral para la evaluación de viviendas con valor patrimonial, midiendo su posibilidad de ser "adaptadas" frente a requerimientos de uso actuales. La "adaptabilidad arquitectónica" se planteó como la capacidad de los espacios arquitectónicos para poder desarrollar en ellos funciones distintas de aquellas para los cuales fueron concebidos, siendo por lo tanto, un valor deseable en la arquitectura patrimonial, ya que posibilitaría su permanencia cuando los contextos culturales que la originan han cambiado. El método de evaluación se fundamentó en la necesidad de desarrollar un instrumento que permita tener una visión sistémica de las condiciones de las viviendas existentes en zonas patrimoniales frente a su posible rehabilitación. Éste fue diseñado considerando parámetros cualitativos y cuantitativos, integrando variables de habitabilidad, arquitectónico-espaciales, constructivo-estructurales y de vulnerabilidad, aplicándose la evaluación en viviendas tradicionales de barrios patrimoniales de Valparaíso y Santiago.
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