Transformaciones espaciales en ciudades intermedias: el caso de
Keywords:
Urbanismo, ciudades intermedias, expansión urbana, Valdivia.Abstract
RESUMEN: La rápida urbanización observada en las ciudades del hemisferio sur, las está situando en el centro de la agenda del desarrollo del siglo XXI. Los intensos procesos de transformación plantean tanto retos como oportunidades para pensar y actuar sobre el futuro de las ciudades. En Latinoamérica, estos procesos han incrementado la escala del medioambiente urbano, siendo las ciudades intermedias protagonistas principales. En Chile, ellas exhiben acelerados cambios socio-espaciales, revelando un crecimiento urbano expansivo y un deterioro físico-ambiental en sus áreas centrales. Tomando el caso de Valdivia, cobra interés el explorar factores y condicionantes que han influido en su expansión a partir del terremoto de 1960, desde un enfoque económico, político y morfológico. Los resultados advierten que las políticas urbanas y los instrumentos de planificación vigentes, fomentan y transfieren al sector privado la responsabilidad de modelar el crecimiento hacia nuevas zonas de expansión, generando profundas transformaciones sobre el territorio y agudizando la segregación socio-espacial.
PALABRAS CLAVE : Urbanismo, ciudades intermedias, expansión urbana, Valdivia.
Spatial transformations in intermediate cities: the case-study of Valdivia- Chile and its evolution post-earthquake
ABSTRACT: Rapid urbanization is placing the development of cities of the southern hemisphere in the frontline of the 21st century agenda. Intense transformation processes pose both challenges and opportunities to think and act on the future of cities. In Latin America, these processes have increased the scale of the urban environment, with intermediate cities as main protagonists. In Chile, they show accelerated socio-spatial changes, revealing an urban expansion and physical-environmental degradation in its downtown. Taking the case of Valdivia, it is noteworthy exploring factors and conditions that have influenced its expansion since the earthquake of 1960, from an economic, political and morphological approach. The results expose that current urban policy and planning has encouraged and transferred to the private sector the responsibility to shape urban growth through new expansive developments towards the peripheries. This has generated profound changes on the territory and exacerbated socio-spatial segregation in cities.
Key Words: Urbanism, intermediate cities, urban expansion, Valdivia
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