Experiencias en la conservación de hologramas patrimoniales cubanos
Abstract
RESUMEN: En Cuba se ha desarrollado la técnica de holografía para aplicaciones museables por parte del Grupo de Holografía del Departamento de Física del Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría y varias instituciones del país con el apoyo del Consejo Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural, lo que ha permitido la construcción y montaje de exposiciones holográficas permanentes que se encuentran en varios museos del país. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar los factores de deterioro internos y externos que pueden incidir en los hologramas de exhibición que se exponen en algunos museos de la Habana y dar a conocer los resultados de realizar un diagnóstico sobre su estado de conservación, con vistas a proponer un conjunto de medidas preventivas para perfeccionar la preservación de los mismos. Se concluye que la principal causa de deterioro de los hologramas expuestos es la rotura por errores y deficiencias en la manipulación y el desconocimiento de las normas a seguir para lograr una conservación adecuada, por lo que es muy importante adoptar el conjunto de medidas preventivas propuesto.
PALABRAS CLAVE: hologramas, museología, conservación, patrimonio cultural.
ABSTRACT: A holography team in the Physics Department of the Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría and various institutions of the country developed applications for museums in Cuba. With support from the National Council of Culture Heritage, permanent holographic exhibitions were set up in museums around the country. This paper analyzes the internal and external damage factors that could affect the exposed holograms in some museums of the Havana. It also presents findings about their conservation status in order to propose a set of preventive measures to improve the preservation of these items. We conclude that the main causes of deterioration of the exposed hologram are through various errors, shortcomings in handling the pieces, and ignorance about the norms to be followed to achieve adequate conservation.
KEYWORDS: holograms, museology, conservation, cultural heritage.
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